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1a)
When the flow is turbulent, the flow contains eddying motions of all sizes, and a large part of mechanical energy in the flow goes into the formation of these eddies which eventually dissipate their energy as heat. As a result, at a given Reynolds number the drag of a turbulent flow is higher than the drag of a laminar. Also, turbulent flow is affected by surface roughness, so that increases the drag. And this also increases the head loss.
1bi)
The statement is false because viscosity effect are more important outside the boundary layer region of the flow.
ii) the statement is true because viscosity is a name given to internal friction that exist between the layer of liquid and gas in motion. The effect will be more at the outer boundary.
iii) yes, this is because viscosity affects Reynold number. And the turbulence increases Reynold number.
iv) yes, it can be ignored when modelling low viscosity fluids we can neglect the effects.
1ci)
1cii)
1ciii)
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Last updated: Jun 23, 2021 10:52 AM
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